In the chemical industry, processes such as salt chemical, fertilizer production, and inorganic synthesis often produce high concentrations of inorganic salt dust. This type of dust has the characteristics of uneven particle size, easy moisture absorption and agglomeration, and some corrosive components, which require special requirements for the anti clogging, corrosion resistance, and separation efficiency of dust removal equipment. The cyclone dust collector, with its advantages of simple structure, large processing air volume, and no need for filter materials, has become the suitable choice for this scenario. Its core value lies in achieving efficient separation and stable treatment of high concentration inorganic salt dust through targeted technological optimization.

1、 Characteristics and dust removal challenges of high concentration inorganic salt dust
Inorganic salt dust in chemical industry scenarios (such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, ammonium phosphate, etc.) has three core characteristics compared to ordinary industrial dust, which directly affect the operational stability of the dust removal system:
1. High concentration and large fluctuations: During peak production, the dust concentration can reach 500-2000g/m ³, far exceeding the design load of conventional dust removal equipment, which can easily lead to dust accumulation and blockage inside the equipment;
2. Obvious tendency of moisture absorption and agglomeration: Most inorganic salt dust has strong moisture absorption and is prone to condense and adhere when encountering trace amounts of water vapor in flue gas, forming hard agglomerates that block equipment channels and ash discharge devices;
3. Some components contain corrosive substances, such as inorganic salt dust containing chlorine and sulfur. Long term exposure can cause corrosion to metal parts of equipment and shorten its service life.
These characteristics make conventional cyclone dust collectors prone to problems such as decreased separation efficiency, frequent material blockage, and component corrosion, which require targeted design optimization to achieve adaptation.

2、 Optimization of adaptation technology for cyclone dust collector
In response to the characteristics of high concentration inorganic salt dust, cyclone dust collectors need to be optimized from three aspects: structural design, material selection, and anti blocking measures to ensure treatment effectiveness and operational stability
1. Structural design: Suitable for separation and ash discharge of high concentration dust
Optimization of inlet wind speed: Control the inlet wind speed at 18-22m/s to ensure separation efficiency (up to 85% -90%) for coarse particles (5 μ m or more) of inorganic salt dust, while avoiding secondary dust entrainment caused by excessively high wind speed;
Adjustment of cylinder diameter and cone angle: Adopting a "large cylinder diameter+short cone section" design, the cylinder diameter is redundantly configured at 1.2 times the processing air volume to reduce the residence time of high concentration dust in the cylinder. The cone angle is set to 20-25 ° to accelerate the settling of dust into the ash hopper;
Anti accumulation and blockage design of ash hopper: The inclination angle of the ash hopper is increased to over 60 ° to avoid dust accumulation; Install arch breaking devices (such as pneumatic hammers), regularly clean any clumps that may form, and ensure smooth ash discharge.

2. Material selection: Resistant to corrosion and wear
Main material adaptation: For ordinary inorganic salt dust, Q235B carbon steel+epoxy resin coating is selected to enhance surface adhesion resistance; For corrosive inorganic salt dust containing chlorine and sulfur, use 304 or 316L stainless steel material to prevent metal parts from being corroded;
Strengthening of easily worn areas: Ceramic lining or wear-resistant steel lining plates are installed in areas where dust impact is concentrated, such as the inlet and cylinder wall of the dust collector, to reduce the wear of equipment caused by high concentration dust and extend its service life.

3. Anti blocking and working condition adjustment: addressing the problem of moisture absorption and agglomeration
Flue gas pretreatment: Install a cyclone dehydrator at the inlet of the dust collector to separate more than 70% of the liquid water in the flue gas, reducing the probability of dust absorption and condensation; Under high humidity conditions, it can be equipped with a low-temperature heating module to raise the flue gas temperature to 5-10 ℃ above the dew point;
Selection of ash discharge device: star shaped ash discharge valve or screw conveyor is used to ensure the continuity of ash discharge and avoid material blockage at the outlet of the ash hopper due to dust agglomeration; The frequency of ash unloading is dynamically adjusted according to the dust accumulation in the ash hopper, and can be shortened to once every 5-10 minutes under peak operating conditions.

3、 Applicable scenarios and operational precautions
1. Core applicable scenarios
The adaptability of cyclone dust collectors in high concentration inorganic salt dust scenarios needs to be judged based on the characteristics of the dust and the processing requirements. They are mainly suitable for:
Salt chemical industry: dust pretreatment in the drying and screening stages of salt products such as sodium chloride and potassium chloride;
Fertilizer production: Dust separation in the production of granular fertilizers such as ammonium phosphate and urea;
Inorganic chemical synthesis: high concentration dust treatment in the process of sulfate, nitrate and other products.
In such scenarios, cyclone dust collectors are often used as pre-processing equipment to separate most of the coarse dust particles. Subsequently, they can be paired with bag or filter cartridges to achieve precise capture of fine powder, meeting the requirements of standard emissions.

2. Key operating precautions
Real time monitoring of parameters: equipped with dust concentration sensors and differential pressure gauges. When the resistance of the equipment exceeds 1500Pa or the inlet dust concentration increases abnormally, adjust the inlet wind speed or activate the cleaning device in a timely manner;
Regular maintenance and cleaning: Check the dust accumulation of the ash hopper every week, clean the adhesive dust on the surface of the cylinder wall and lining every month, check the degree of material corrosion and wear every quarter, and repair or replace damaged parts in a timely manner;
Adjustment of working conditions: When the production process causes significant fluctuations in dust concentration and humidity, synchronously adjust the flue gas pretreatment parameters and ash discharge frequency to avoid equipment operation imbalance.

The core of dust removal treatment for high concentration inorganic salt dust in the chemical industry lies in "adaptability optimization". The cyclone dust collector can effectively address the special challenges of this type of dust and achieve stable and efficient separation and treatment through targeted adjustments in structure, material, and anti blocking measures. The application effect depends on the precise grasp of dust characteristics and the reasonable matching of equipment parameters, which requires customized design based on the actual working conditions of specific chemical processes, rather than the application of a single standard configuration.